Bài tập về các cấu trúc trong môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 12 - Unit 1,2

III. LỚP 12
UNIT 1: LIFE STORIES
I. STRUCTURES
STT
Cấu trúc
Nghĩa
1
Allow / permit sb to do st = let sb do st
Cho phép ai làm gì
2
As a result = therefore = consequently
Do đó, do vậy
3
Be awarded the title
Được trao danh hiệu gì
4
Be diagnosed with st
BỊ chẩn đoán mắc bệnh gì
5
Be overloaded with st
Quá tải với cái gì
6
Be regarded as sb / st
Được coi như là ai / cái gì
7
Be responsible for st / doing st
Chịu trách nhiệm cho cái gì / làm gì
8
Be strongly influenced by sb / st
Bị ảnh hưởng mạnh mẽ bởi ai / cái gì
9
Be well / best known for st 
= be famous for
Nổi tiếng về cái gì
10
Benefit from st
Thu được lợi từ cái gì
11
Bring sb up
Nuôi nấng ai
12
By the way
Nhân tiện, à này
13
Claim one’s life = kill sb
Giết chết ai đó
14
Damage one’s reputation
Hủy hoại danh tiếng của ai
15
Describe sb / st as
Miêu tả ai / cái gì đó như là
16
Devote one’s life to st / doing st
Cống hiến cả cuộc đời cho cái gì / làm gì
17
Do st for a living
Làm cái gì để kiếm sống
18
Emerge from
Xuất hiện, nổi lên
19
Encourage sb to do st
Khuyến khích ai làm gì
20
End in tragedy
Kết thúc trong bi kịch
21
Fight for st
Fight against st
Chiến đẩu cho cái gì
Chiến đấu chống lại cái gì
22
Find faults with sb / st
Bắt lỗi ai / cái gì
23
Free sb / st from
Giải phóng ai / cái gì khỏi
24
Get in the way of st 
= prevent st from happening
Ngăn cản cái gì xảy ra
25
Gossip about st
Bàn tán về cái gì
26
Graduate from
Tốt nghiệp từ
27
Hand out
Phân phát
28
Have a great impact / influence on sb / st
Có ảnh hưởng lớn đến ai / cái gì
29
Have a natural ability to do st
Có khả năng thiên bẩm để làm gì
30
Historical figure
Nhân vật lịch sử
31
Hold someone’s attention / interest 
= keep sb interested in st
Khiến cho ai hứng thú / quan tâm / chú ý tới cái gì
32
Humble beginnings
Khởi đầu khiêm tốn
33
Insert st into st
Chèn cái gì vào cái gì
34
Inspire sb to do st
Truyền cảm hứng cho ai làm gì
35
Learn lessons from sb / st
Rút ra bài học từ ai / cái gì
36
Make criticism
Chỉ trích, phê bình
37
Make judgment
Phán xét / đánh giá
38
Make progress
Tiến bộ
39
Miss a chance to do st
Lỡ mất cơ hội làm gì
40
Move around
Đi lại, di chuyển
41
Outstanding Young Citizen
Công dân trẻ tiêu biểu
42
Pass away = die
Qua đời / chết
43
Point at st
Chỉ vào cái gì
44
Report on st
Báo cáo về cái gì
45
Reveal one’s identity
Keep one’s identity hidden
Tiết lộ danh tính
Giấu kín danh tính
46
Save one’s life
Cứu mạng ai
47
Sharp-wit
Thông minh, sắc sảo
48
Spread across
Lan rộng khắp
49
Starve for
Thèm khát, khao khát
50
Stop sb from doing st
Ngăn cản ai làm gì
51
Take advantage of
Tận dụng, lợi dụng
52
Vow to do st
Thề làm gì
53
Wide knowledge
Hiểu biết rộng
II. PRACTICE EXERCISES
1.	The events and changes in the stock trading market have great _______ on markets around the world.
	A. influent	B. influence	C. influential	D. influenced
2.	We need to inspire young women _______ expansively and courageously about the impact they can have on the world.
	A. to think	B. thinking	C. to thinking	D. to be thought
3.	_______ , Mike, remember to fork over that one - hundred dollars you owe me before Dec.
	A. By the way	B. On the way	C. On the way to	D. By way of
4.	Windsor is one of the UK’s top comperes and has a natural _______ to create a relaxed, friendly atmosphere in any room.
	A. probability	B. ability	C. possibility	D. responsibility
5.	Between 1888 and 1906, Doyle wrote seven historical novels, which he and many critics _______ his best work.
	A. as regards	B. regarded as	C. regardless of	D. with regard to
6.	Alexandre Yersin, who had quite a distinguished career in medicine, _______ his life to the poor and sick people in Viet Nam.
	A. mounted	B. excited	C. devoted	D. interested
7.	Studios are rushing out monster movies to _______ our new-found enthusiasm for dinosaurs.
	A. take advantage	B. take advantages of
	C. take advantage of	D. take advantage in
8.	The security system will not permit you _______ without the correct password.
	A. to enter	B. entering	C. being entered	D. to be entered
9.	The Worldwide Fund for Nature has been accused _______ helping to cover _______ a report _______ the damage done by illegal logging.
	A. with - with - in	B. on - by - of	C. by - on - about	D. of - up - on
10.	You have to insert an additional piece of material _______ the waistline _______ the dress to make it large enough for her.
	A. into - of	B. upon - in	C. from - for	D. up - over
11.	Small children are often told that it is rude to point _______ other people.
	A. out	B. to	C. at	D. up
12.	Even where parents no longer live together, they each continue to be _______ for their children.
	A. response	B. responsive	C. responsible	D. responsibility
13.	The company has worked its way up from humble _______ to become the market leader.
	A. beginnings	B. departures	C. arrivals	D. entrances
14.	In the movie, he plays a concerned and sensitive father trying to _______ two teenage children on his own.
	A. bring up	B. grow up	C. bring out	D. take after
15.	He was away in the army and always _______ for news for home.
	A .starves	B. starved
	C. has been starved	D. had been starving
UNIT 2: URBANIZATION
I. STRUCTURES
STT
Cấu trúc
Nghĩa
1
Access to st
Tiếp cận với cái gì
2
Be flooded / crowded with st
Đầy, chật cái gì
3
Be harmful to sb / st
Có hại cho ai / cái gì
4
Benefit from st
Thu lợi ích từ cái gì
5
Combine with st
Kết hợp với cái gì
6
Compete with sb / st
Cạnh tranh với ai / cái gì
7
Cope with st
Đương đầu với cái gì
8
Do research
Tiến hành nghiên cứu
9
Fall / decrease:
sharply / steadily / gradually / slightly
Rise / increase:
sharply / steadily / gradually / slightly
Stay the same / remain stable / level off
Giảm:
mạnh / đều / dần dần / nhẹ
Tăng:
mạnh / đều / dần dần / nhẹ
Giữ nguyên
10
Focus on = concentrate on
Tập trung vào
11
Grab / draw / attract one’s attention
Thu hút sự chú ý của ai
12
Keep sb engaged
Giúp ai tập trung vào
13
Lack of st
Thiếu cái gì
14
Look down on
Look up to
Coi thường
Kính trọng
15
Make presentation
Thuyết trình
16
Make / earn a living
Kiếm sống
17
On a wide / massive scale
Trên quy mô rộng lớn
18
Overload sb with st
Làm cho ai bị quá tải với cái gì
19
Play an important role in st
Đóng vai trò quan trọng trong cái gì
20
Prepare for st = do / make preparation for st
Chuẩn bị cho cái gì
21
Prior to st
Trước cái gì
22
Pros and cons = advantages and disadvantages
Ưu và nhược điểm
23
Relate to st
Liên quan đến cái gì
24
Result in = lead to = cause to
Result from
Dẫn tới
Có kết quả từ
25
Seek one’s fortune
Tìm kiếm vận may
26
Stick to st
Tiếp tục với một chủ đề / kế hoạch / hoạt động mà không thay đổi
27
Switch off = stop giving your attention to sb or st
Ngừng chú ý đến ai / cái gì
28
Take measure
Có những biện pháp
29
Traffic congestion
Ùn tắc giao thông
30
With no hope of doing st
Không có hi vọng làm gì
31
Recommend / suggest / advise / demand / insist / request / urge / order important / necessary / essential / desirable / crucial / vital / imperative / urgent / advisable... + that + S + do (st): gợi ý / đề xuất / yêu cấu / thúc giục / ra lệnh / quan trọng / cần thiết / thiết yếu / cốt yếu / cấp bách / gấp rút / thích hợp... rằng ai phải / nên làm gì
II. PRACTICE EXERCISES
1.	The purpose of secondary education is to give students common knowledge to _______ either higher education or vocational education.
	A. prepare for	B. capable of	C. acceptable to	D. suffer from
2.	He had not parked in front of the house because he had no desire to _______ attention to himself.
	A. draw	B. come to	C. show	D. pay
3.	When troubled, kids are more prone to misbehave and less able to concentrate, and it can be a struggle keeping learners _______ in such cases.
	A. posted	B. informed	C. engaged	D. occupied
4.	You should _______ what the interviewer is saying and make a real effort to answer all the questions.
	A. liable for	B. concentrate on	C. emerge from	D. suspicious of
5.	If you’re both going to lie, at least _______ the same story and don’t contradict each other!
	A. stick out	B. stick on	C. stick in	D. stick to
6.	Mr. Obama is scheduled to arrive in the Danish capital early Friday, in time to make a _______ to the voting members of the International Olympic Committee.
	A. presentation	B. presentative	C. presentable	D. presentational
7.	They normally give new employees a little while to settle _______ before they overload them _______ work.
	A. up - at	B. in - with	C. down – by	D. of - of
8.	I could tell my students were starting to _______ during my class, so I brought out the projector and started using old cartoons to illustrate my points.
	A. switch off	B. shut down	C. showed up	D. count on
9.	The area is a fantastic place to _______, Pastron says, because of its immigrant history and rapid settlement in the 19th century.
	A. do research	B. take amiss	C. make allowance	D. get tough
10.	Most financial advisers _______ that you buy individual life insurance, at least as a supplement.
	A. recommence	B. recommend	C. recommendation	D. recombination
11.	The English campaign against Scotland was planned _______ , with a force of around 23,350 men.
	A. onomastic	B. on a hunch	C. on a par	D. on a massive scale
12.	The issues discussed in this section _______ to how reliably and validly these functions can be fulfilled.
	A. relate	B. relative	C. relational	D. relationship
13.	Some people refuse to buy goods that are overpackaged because they feel that it is _______ to the environment.
	A. harmful	B. harmfully	C. harmless	D. harmfulness
14.	The causes of child labour include poverty, the lack of _______ to education, and weak government institutions.
	A. excerpt	B. except	C. access	D. excess