Đề thi thử tốt nghiệp THPT Quốc gia lần 1 môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 12 - Năm 2021 - Trường THPT chuyên (Sở GD&ĐT Bắc Ninh)

SỞ GD&ĐT BẮC NINH
TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN
(Đề thi có 05 trang)
KỲ THI THỬ TỐT NGHIỆP THPT QUỐC GIA NĂM 2021 – LẦN 1
Bài thi: NGOẠI NGỮ, Môn thi: TIẾNG ANH
Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút, không kể thời gian phát đề
Họ, tên thí sinh:	 ..,
Số báo danh:	 ..
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions from 1 to 2.
Question 1 (NB): A. passed	B. wished	C. touched	D. moved
Question 2 (NB): A. blood	B. pool	C. food	D. tool
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions from 3 to 4.
Question 3 (TH): He was so insubordinate that he lost his job within a week.
	A. understanding	B. obedient	C. fresh	D. disobedient 
Question 4 (VDC): I had no idea that you and he were on such intimate terms. I thought you were only casual acquaintances.
	A. were hostile to each other	B. behaved well toward each other
	C. hardly knew each other	D. were such close friends
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the rest in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions from 5 to 6.
Question 5 (NB): A. reflect	B. contain	C. purchase	D. suggest
Question 6 (NB): A. possession	B. politics	C. decision	D. refusal
Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 7 to 14.
The sculptural legacy that the new United States inherited from its colonial predecessors was far from a rich one, and in fact, in 1776 sculpture as an art form was still in the hand of artisans and craftspeople. Stone carvers engraved their motifs of skulls and crossbones and other religious icons of death into the gray slabs that we still see standing today in old burial grounds. Some skilled craftspeople made intricately carved wooden ornamentations for furniture or architectural decorations, while others carved wooden shop signs and ships' figureheads. Although they often achieved expression and formal excellence in their generally primitive style, they remained artisans skilled in the craft of carving and constituted a group distinct from what we normally think of as "sculptors" in today's use of the word.
On the rare occasion when a fine piece of sculpture was desired, Americans turned to foreign sculptors, as in the 1770's when the cities of New York and Charleston, South Carolina, commissioned the Englishman Joseph Wilton to make marble statues of William Pitt. Wilton also made a lead equestrian image of King George III that was created in New York in 1770 and torn down by zealous patriots six years later. A few marble memorials with carved busts, urns, or other decorations were produced in England and brought to the colonies to be set in the walls of churches - as in King's Chapel in Boston. But sculpture as a high art, practiced by artists who knew both the artistic theory of their Renaissance-Baroque-Rococo predecessors and the various technical procedures of modeling, casting, and carving rich three-dimensional forms, was not known among Americans in 1776. Indeed, for many years thereafter, the United States had two groups from which to choose - either the local craftspeople or the imported talent of European sculptors.
The eighteenth century was not one in which powered sculptural conceptions were developed. Add to this the timidity with which unschooled artisans – originally trained as stonemasons, carpenters, or cabinetmakers – attacked the medium from which their sculptures were made in the United States in the late eighteenth century.
Question 7 (TH): What is the main idea of the passage?
A. There was a great demand for the work of eighteenth-century artisans.
B. American sculptors were hampered by a lack of tools and materials.
C. Skilled sculptors did not exist in the US in the 1770’s.
D. Many foreign sculptors worked in the US after 1776.
Question 8 (TH): It is stated in the first paragraph that the sculptural legacy that the new United States had from colonial times was ________ .
	A. not great	B. plentiful	C. very rich	D. not countable
Question 9 (VD): The phrase “turned to” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________ .
	A. castigated	B. censored	C. consulted	D. hired
Question 10 (TH): The work of which of the following could be seen in burial ground?
	A. stone carves	B. carpenters	C. cabinetmakers	D. European sculptors
Question 11 (NB): The word “they” in the passage refers to ________ .
	A. wooden ornamentations	B. skilled craftspeople
	C. architectural decorations	D. wooden shop signs
Question 12 (TH): The word "commissioned" in paragraph 2 refers to ________ .
	A. enabled	B. allowed	C. conferred	D. empowered
Question 13 (VD): What can be inferred about the importation of marble memorials from England?
A. Such sculpture was expensive to produce locally than to import.
B. Such sculpture was as prestigious as those made locally.
C. Such sculpture was not available in the US.
D. The materials found abroad were superior.
Question 14 (VD): How did the work of American carvers in 1776 differ from that of contemporary sculptors?
	A. It was less time-consuming.	B. It was more expensive.
	C. It was less refined.	D. It was more dangerous.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions from 15 to 16.
Question 15 (TH): Such problems as haste and inexperience are a universal feature of youth.
	A. separated	B. shared	C. marked	D. hidden
Question 16 (VD): Many inhabitants in the village have been inflicted with cancer due to the polluted source of water.
	A. have fought against	B. have prevented
	C. have suffered from	D. have avoided
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions from 17 to 19.
Question 17 (VD): Fansipan is the highest mountain in the Indochinese Peninsula.
A. There are some mountains in the Indochinese Peninsula higher than Fansipan.
B. The Indochinese Peninsula includes one of the highest mountains on Earth.
C. The highest mountain in the Indochinese Peninsula is exclusive Fansipan.
D. No mountains in the Indochinese Peninsula are higher than Fansipan.
Question 18 (VDC): “If I were you, I wouldn’t read the job advertisement and position description carelessly.”, Helen said.
A. Helen advised me on reading the job advertisement and position description carelessly.
B. Helen recommended that I take no notice of the job advertisement and position description.
C. I was blamed for not reading the job advertisement and position description carefully by Helen.
D. Helen advised me against reading the job advertisement and position description carelessly.
Question 19 (VDC): It’s possible that Joanna didn’t receive my message.
A. Joanna can’t have received my message.
B. Joanna might not have received my message.
C. Joanna may have received my message.
D. Joanna might have received my message.
Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 20 to 24.
Tsunami is a Japanese word that means harbor wave and is used as the scientific term for seismic sea wave generated by an undersea earthquake or possibly an undersea landslide or volcanic eruption. When the ocean floor is tilted or offset during an earthquake, a set of waves is created similar to the concentric waves generated by an object dropped into the water. Most tsunamis originate along the Ring of Fire, a zone of volcanoes and seismic activity, 32,500 km long that encircles the Pacific Ocean. Since 1819, about 40 tsunamis have struck the Hawaiian Islands.
Tsunami can have wavelengths, or widths, of 100 to 200 km, and may travel hundreds of kilometers across the deep ocean, reaching speeds of about 725 to 800 kilometres an hour. Upon entering shallow coastal waters, the wave, which have been only about half a metre high out at sea, suddenly grows rapidly. When the wave reaches the shore, it may be 15 m high or more. Tsunamis have tremendous energy because of the great volume of water affected. They are capable of obliterating coastal settlements.
Tsunamis should not be confused with storm surges, which are domes of water that rise underearth hurricanes or cyclones and cause extensive coastal flooding when the storms reach land. Storm surges are particularly devastating if they occur at high tide. A cyclone and accompanying storm surges killed an estimated 500,000 people in Bangladesh in 1970. The tsunami which struck south and southeast Asia in late 2004 killed over 200 thousand people.
Question 20 (TH): What does the word “concentric” in paragraph 1 mean?
	A. Having a common centre	B. Having wavy centres
	C. Having wavy movements	D. Having many centres
Question 21 (NB): What is the greatest speed of tsunami travelling across the deep ocean?
	A. 150,000 kilometres an hour	B. 200 kilometres an hour
	C. 700 kilometres an hour	D. 800 kilometres an hour
Question 22 (NB): The word “they” in paragraph 2 refers to ________ .
	A. Volumes of water	B. Coastal waters
	C. Coastal settlements	D. Tsunamis
Question 23 (TH): Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Storm surges are domes of water rising underneath hurricanes or cyclones.
B. Storm surges cause extensive coastal flooding.
C. Tsunami only occurs in Asia.
D. A cyclone along with storm surges happened in Asia in 1970.
Question 24 (TH): What is the passage mainly about?
A. Where tsunamis originate.
B. How tremendous is the energy of a tsunami.
C. Damage caused by tsunamis.
D. Facts about tsunamis.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges from 25 to 26.
Question 25 (NB): Jane offered Jim some more chicken; however, Jim was full and seemed not to have another serving. Choose the best response.
Jane: “Would you like some more chicken?”
Jim: “ ________ . I’m full.”
	A. Never mind.	B. No, I wouldn’t.	C. No, I can’t.	D. No, thanks. 
Question 26 (TH): An old gentleman, who is not sure where to go for the summer holiday, is asking a travel agent for advice. Select the most suitable response to fill in the blank.
Gentleman: “Can you recommend any places for this summer holiday?”
Agent: “ ________ .”
A. Yes, please go to other agencies
B. I don’t think you could afford a tour to Singapore, sir
C. No. You cannot recommend any places
D. A package tour to the Spratly Islands would be perfect, sir
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions from 27 to 29.
Question 27 (TH): Facebook.com’s server IP address could not find in Google Chrome browser because of the error of Internet connection.
	A. Facebook.com’s	B. could not find
	C. because of	D. Internet connection
Question 28 (NB): My girlfriend and I drink sometimes coffee in the morning in a café near my school.
	A. girlfriend	B. drink sometimes	C. in	D. near my school 
Question 29 (VD): There were inconsiderate amounts of money wasted on large building projects.
A. inconsiderate	B. amounts	C. wasted	D. building
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 30 to 34.
Having a relationship with someone is important to people around the world; (30) ________ , dating is different from culture to culture. Here are some examples.
Group dating is popular among young people in Europe and Australia. Groups as large as 30 people take part in events, such as going camping or having a party. This is seen as a (31) ________ way to spend time together, and to help to (32) ________ tension because people feel more comfortable in the company of friends before deciding whether to go on a one-to-one date.
In Singapore, since many young people stay single, the government has tried its best to encourage dating. Dating services are offered to single people. One of them is speed dating, in (33) _______ singles will spend a few minutes talking to one person before moving on to meet the next one.
Online dating is a common way of (34) ________ in the United States. Internet companies are now offering a service called ‘online dating assistant’ to help busy people to find a partner. An assistant helps customers to build their profiles, selects potential matches, and then sends several emails to the possible matches until the two people agree to meet face to face.
Question 30 (TH): A. although	B. and	C. however	D. despite 
Question 31 (NB): A. safe	B. savings	C. safely	D. save 
Question 32 (VD): A. deteriorate	B. ease	C. refrain	D. escape 
Question 33 (NB): A. when	B. that	C. which	D. whom 
Question 34 (VD): A. matchtaking	B. matchgoing	C. matchcatching	D. matchmaking 
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions from 35 to 48.
Question 35 (NB): Of all the world’s major oceans, ________ Arctic Ocean is ________ shallowest.
	A. the - the	B. an - the	C. Ø - the	D. a - the
Question 36 (NB): If you do what you tell others, they ________ in you.
	A. believe	B. won’t believe	C. will believe	D. would believe
Question 37 (NB): We ________ in silence when he suddenly ________ me to help him.
	A. walked - asked	B. were walking - asked
	C. walked - was asking	D. were walking - was asking
Question 38 (TH): Make sure you mix the ingredients well, ________ you might get up lumps in your cake.
	A. otherwise	B. supposing	C. unless	D. provided
Question 39 (TH): To protect ________ hackers, security experts advise longer passwords ________ combinations of upper and lowercase letters, as well as numbers.
	A. against - in	B. from - to	C. on - between	D. against - with 
Question 40 (VD): ________ as the representative at the conference, she felt extremely proud of herself.
	A. On choosing	B. Having been chosen
	C. Be chosen	D. Having chosen
Question 41 (TH): Applications ________ in after 30 April will not be considered.
	A. sent	B. send	C. that is sent	D. which sent
Question 42 (VDC): I won’t buy that car because it has too much ________ on it.
	A. ups and downs	B. white tie	C. wear and tear	D. odds and ends
Question 43 (TH): Don’t worry! Our new product will keep you bathroom clean and ________ .
	A. odour	B. odourless	C. odourlessly	D. odourful
Question 44 (TH): It’s important to project a(n) ________ image during the interview.
	A. optimistic	B. cheerful	C. positive	D. upbeat
Question 45 (VD): Part time jobs give us freedom to ________ our own interest.
	A. pursue	B. chase	C. seek	D. catch
Question 46 (VD): Van Gogh suffered from depression ________ by overwork and ill-health.
	A. taken up	B. pull through	C. coming about	D. brought on
Question 47 (TH): Jane would never forget _________ first prize in such a prestigious competition.
	A. to have awarded	B. being awarded	C. having awarded	D. to be awarded
Question 48 (TH): There has been a widespread ________ about whether North Korea has successfully miniaturized a nuclear weapon and whether it has a working H-bomb.
	A. gossip	B. rumour	C. challenge	D. doubt
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each of the pair of sentences in the following questions from 49 to 50.
Question 49 (VDC): The basketball team knew they lost the match. They soon started to blame each other.
A. Not only did the basketball team lose the match but they blamed each other as well.
B. Hardly had the basketball team known they lost the match when they started to blame each other.
C. No sooner had the basketball team started to blame each other than they knew they lost the match.
D. As soon as they blamed each other, the basketball team knew they lost the match. 
Question 50 (VDC): I invited Rachel to my party, but she couldn’t come. She had arranged to do something else.
A. Without having arranged to do something else, Rachel would have come to my party as invited.
B. If it hadn’t been for her arrangement for something else, Rachel would come to my party as invited.
C. Rachel would have come to my party, unless she hadn’t arranged to so something else.
D. If Rachel hadn’t arranged to do something else, she would come to my party as invited.
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GIẢI CHI TIẾT
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions from 1 to 2.
Question 1 (NB): A. passed	B. wished	C. touched	D. moved
Đáp án D
A. passed /pɑːst/	B. wished /wɪʃt/	C. touched /tʌtʃt/	D. moved /muːvd/
Cách phát âm đuôi “ed”:
- Đuôi “ed” được phát âm là /ɪd/ khi động từ có phát âm kết thúc là /t/ hay /d/
- Đuôi “ed” được phát âm là /t/ khi động từ có phát âm kết thúc là /s/,/f/,/p/,/ʃ/,/tʃ/,/k/
- Đuôi “ed” được phát âm là /d/ với các trường hợp còn lại Phần gạch chân đáp án D phát âm là /d/, còn lại là /t/
Question 2 (NB): A. blood	B. pool	C. food	D. tool
Đáp án A
A. blood /blʌd/	B. pool /puːl/	C. food /fuːd/	D. tool /tuːl/
Phần gạch chân đáp án A phát âm là /ʌ/, còn lại là /uː/
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions from 3 to 4.
Question 3 (TH): He was so insubordinate that he lost his job within a week.
	A. understanding	B. obedient	C. fresh	D. disobedient 
Đáp án B
insubordinate /ˌɪn.səˈbɔː.dɪ.nət/ (adj): ngỗ nghịch, không vâng lời
A. understanding ˌʌn.dəˈstæn.dɪŋ/ (adj): am hiểu, hiểu biết
B. obedient (adj): tuân theo, vâng lời
C. fresh (adj): tươi, tươi mới
D. disobedient (adj): không vâng lời, không tuân theo
→ insubordinate (adj): ngỗ nghịch, không vâng lời >< obedient (adj): tuân theo, nghe lời. Tạm dịch: Anh ấy quá ngỗ nghịch đến nỗi mất việc trong vòng một tuần.
Question 4 (VDC): I had no idea that you and he were on such intimate terms. I thought you were only casual acquaintances.
	A. were hostile to each other	B. behaved well toward each other
	C. hardly knew each other	D. were such close friends
Đáp án A
Be on intimate terms (Idiom): có mối quan hệ thân thiết
A. were hostile /ˈhɒs.taɪl/ to each other: thù địch với nhau
B. behaved well toward each other: cư xử tốt với nhau
C. hardly knew each other: hầu như không biết nhau
D. were such close friends: là bạn thân
→ were on such intimate terms: có mối quan hệ thân thiết >< were hostile to each other: thù
địch với nhau
Tạm dịch: Tôi không biết rằng bạn và anh ấy lại thân thiết đến vậy. Tôi nghĩ bạn chỉ là quen biết thông thường.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the rest in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions from 5 to 6.
Question 5 (NB): A. reflect	B. contain	C. purchase	D. suggest
Đáp án C
Trọng âm từ có 2 âm tiết
A. reflect /rɪˈflekt/	B. contain /kənˈteɪn/	C. purchase /ˈpɜːtʃəs/	D. suggest /səˈdʒest/
Quy tắc:
- Những động từ có 2 âm tiết thường có trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai. Ngoại lệ: ‘purchase -
Những danh từ, tính từ có 2 âm tiết thường có trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất. Phương án C trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất, còn lại là âm thứ hai
Question 6 (NB): A. possession	B. politics	C. decision	D. refusal
Kiến thức: Trọng âm từ có 3 âm tiết
A. possession /pəˈzeʃn/	B. politics /ˈpɒlətɪks/	C. decision /dɪˈsɪʒn/	D. refusal /rɪˈfjuːzl/
Quy tắc:
- Những từ có tận cùng là đuôi “-ion”, “-ic” thường có trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết đứng ngay trước nó.
Ngoại lệ: “politics”
- Hậu tố “-al” không nhận trọng âm và không làm thay đổi trọng âm từ gốc. Phương án B trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất, còn lại là âm thứ hai
Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 7 to 14.
The sculptural legacy that the new United States inherited from its colonial predecessors was far from a rich one, and in fact, in 1776 sculpture as an art form was still in the hand of artisans and craftspeople. Stone carvers engraved their motifs of skulls and crossbones and other religious icons of death into the gray slabs that we still see standing today in old burial grounds. Some skilled craftspeople made intricately carved wooden ornamentations for furniture or architectural decorations, while others carved wooden shop signs and ships' figureheads. Although they often achieved expression and formal excellence in their generally primitive style, they remained artisans skilled in the craft of carving and constituted a group distinct from what we normally think of as "sculptors" in today's use of the word.
On the rare occasion when a fine piece of sculpture was desired, Americans turned to foreign sculptors, as in the 1770's when the cities of New York and Charleston, South Carolina, commissioned the Englishman Joseph Wilton to make marble statues of William Pitt. Wilton also made a lead equestrian image of King George III that was created in New York in 1770 and torn down by zealous patriots six years later. A few marble memorials with carved busts, urns, or other decorations were produced in England and brought to the colonies to be set in the walls of churches - as in King's Chapel in Boston. But sculpture as a high art, practiced by artists who knew both the artistic theory of their Renaissance-Baroque-Rococo predecessors and the various technical procedures of modeling, casting, and carving rich three-dimensional forms, was not known among Americans in 1776. Indeed, for many years thereafter, the United States had two groups from which to choose - either the local craftspeople or the imported talent of European sculptors.
The eighteenth century was not one in which powered sculptural conceptions were developed. Add to this the timidity with which unschooled artisans – originally trained as stonemasons, carpenters, or cabinetmakers – attacked the medium from which their sculptures were made in the United States in the late eighteenth century.
Question 7 (TH): What is the main idea of the passage?
A. There was a great demand for the work of eighteenth-century artisans.
B. American sculptors were hampered by a lack of tools and materials.
C. Skilled sculptors did not exist in the US in the 1770’s.
D. Many foreign sculptors worked in the US after 1776.
Đáp án C
Ý chính của đoạn văn là gì?
A. Có nhu cầu lớn cho công việc của các nghệ nhân thế kỷ thứ mười tám.
B. Các nhà điêu khắc người Mỹ bị cản trở vì thiếu công cụ và vật liệu.
C. Các nhà điêu khắc lành nghề không tồn tại ở Mỹ vào năm 1770.
D. Nhiều nhà điêu khắc nước ngoài làm việc ở Mỹ sau năm 1776.
Thông tin: in 1776 sculpture as an art form was still in the hand of artisans and craftspeople On the rare occasion when a fine piece of sculpture was desired, Americans turned to foreign sculptors The eighteenth century was not one in which powered sculptural conceptions were developed.
Tạm dịch: vào năm 1776, điêu khắc như một hình thức nghệ thuật vẫn còn trong tay của các nghệ nhân và thợ thủ công Trong những dịp đặc biệt cần đến tác phẩm điêu khắc, người Mỹ tìm đến những nghệ nhân nước ngoài Thế kỉ XVIII không phải thời kì tạo điều kiện cho điêu khắc phát triển.
Question 8 (TH): It is stated in the first paragraph that the sculptural legacy that the new United States had from colonial times was ________ .
	A. not great	B. plentiful	C. very rich	D. not countable
Đáp án A
Thông tin: The sculptural legacy that the new United States inherited from its colonial predecessors was far from a rich one.
Far from something/ being + adjective = not, not at all
Ex: It was obvious that much of what they recorded was far from the truth. (Rõ ràng là phần lớn những gì họ ghi lại đều không phải sự thật.)
Far from being relaxed, we both felt so uncomfortable. (Không hề thư giãn chút nào, chúng tôi đều cảm thấy rất khó chịu.)
Tạm dịch: Di sản điêu khắc mà nước Mĩ kế thừa từ tổ tiên thời kì thuộc địa không thể coi là dồi dào.
Question 9 (VD): The phrase “turned to” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________ .
	A. castigated	B. censored	C. consulted	D. hired
Đáp án D
A. castigated: trau chuốt, gọt giũa
B. censored: bị thiếu
C. consulted: tra cứu, tham khảo
D. hired: thuê, mướn = turn to: tìm đến, chuyển sang
Thông tin: On the rare occasion when a fine piece of sculpture was desired, Americans turned to foreign sculptors, as in the 1770's when the cities of New York and Charleston, South Carolina, commissioned the Englishman Joseph Wilton to make marble statues of William Pitt.
Tạm dịch: Trong những dịp đặc biệt cần đến tác phẩm điêu khắc, người Mỹ tìm đến những nghệ nhân nước ngoài, như vào những năm 1770 khi các thành phố New York và Charleston thuộc Nam Carolina, ủy quyền cho một người Anh tên Joseph Wilton khắc tượng William Pitt bằng cẩm thạch.
Question 10 (TH): The work of which of the following could be seen in burial ground?
	A. stone carves	B. carpenters	C. cabinetmakers	D. European sculptors
Đáp án A
Thông tin: Stone carvers engraved their motifs of skulls and crossbones and other religious icons of death into the gray slabs that we still see standing today in old burial grounds.
Tạm dịch: Thợ khắc đá đã chạm khắc các thiết kế đầu lâu, xương chéo và các biểu tượng tôn giáo khác liên quan đến cái chết lên các phiến đá màu xám mà ngày nay chúng ta vẫn thấy trong những di tích chôn vùi dưới lòng đất.
Question 11 (NB): The word “they” in the passage refers to ________ .
	A. wooden ornamentations	B. skilled craftspeople
	C. architectural decorations	D. wooden shop signs
Thông tin: Some skilled craftspeople made intricately carved wooden ornamentations for furniture or architectural decorations, while others carved wooden shop signs and ships' figureheads. Although they often achieved expression and formal excellence in their generally primitive style, 
- They = Some skilled craftspeople
Tạm dịch: Một số thợ thủ công lành nghề đã tạo ra những tác phẩm khắc gỗ tinh xảo để trang trí nội thất hoặc kiến trúc, trong khi đó, những người khác khắc gỗ thành biển hiệu cửa hàng và tượng gắn mũi tàu. Mặc dù họ đạt được sự biểu đạt và tính ưu tú về hình thức với phong cách nhìn chung còn thô sơ của mình, 
Ornamentation = decoration
Question 12 (TH): The word "commissioned" in paragraph 2 refers to ________ .
	A. enabled	B. allowed	C. conferred	D. empowered
Đáp án D
Commission (v): to formally choose someone to do a special piece of work, or to formally ask for a special piece of work from someone. (ủy nhiệm, ủy thác)
A. enabled: đã cho phép	B. allowed: đã cho phép
C. conferred: đã phong, đã ban	D. empowered: đã trao quyền
→ commissioned = empowered
Thông tin: On the rare occasion when a fine piece of sculpture was desired, Americans turned to foreign sculptors, as in the 1770's when the cities of New York and Charleston, South Carolina, commissioned the Englishman Joseph Wilton to make marble statues of William Pitt.
Tạm dịch: Trong những dịp đặc biệt cần đến tác phẩm điêu khắc, người Mỹ tìm đến những nghệ nhân nước ngoài, như vào những năm 1770 khi các thành phố New York và Charleston thuộc Nam Carolina, ủy quyền cho một người Anh tên Joseph Wilton khắc tượng William Pitt bằng cẩm thạch.
Question 13 (VD): What can be inferred about the importation of marble memorials from England?
A. Such sculpture was expensive to produce locally than to import.
B. Such sculpture was as prestigious as those made locally.
C. Such sculpture was not available in the US.
D. The materials found abroad were superior.
Đáp án C
Có thể suy luận được điều gì về việc nhập khẩu đài tưởng niệm bằng đá cẩm thạch từ Anh?
A. Tác phẩm điêu khắc như vậy để sản xuất tại địa phương thì tốn kém hơn là nhập khẩu.
B. Tác phẩm điêu khắc như vậy có uy tín như những sản phẩm làm tại địa phương.
C. Tác phẩm điêu khắc như vậy không có ở Mỹ.
D. Các vật liệu được tìm thấy ở nước ngoài thì cao cấp.
Thông tin: A few marble memorials with carved busts, urns, or other decorations were produced in England and brought to the colonies to be set in the walls of churches - as in King's Chapel in Boston.
Tạm dịch: Một số ít các tác phẩm bằng cẩm thạch gồm tượng bán thân, bình hoặc các vật trang trí khác được sản xuất tại Anh và mang tới các thuộc địa để đặt trong tường các nhà thờ, ví dụ như nhà thờ King’s Chapel ở Boston (địa điểm này ở Mỹ).
Question 14 (VD): How did the work of American carvers in 1776 differ from that of contemporary sculptors?
	A. It was less time-consuming.	B. It was more expensive.
	C. It was less refined.	D. It was more dangerous.
Đáp án C
Tác phẩm của thợ chạm khắc của người Mỹ năm 1776 khác với tác phẩm của các nhà điêu khắc đương đại như thế nào?
A. Nó ít tốn thời gian hơn.
B. Nó đắt hơn.
C. Nó ít lỗi lạc, tinh chế hơn.
D. Nó nguy hiểm hơn.
Thông tin: But sculpture as a high art, practiced by artists who knew both the artistic theory of their Renaissance-Baroque-Rococo predecessors and the various technical procedures of modeling, casting, and carving rich three-dimensional forms, was not known among Americans in 1776. Indeed, for many years thereafter, the United States had two groups from which to choose - either the local craftspeople or the imported talent of European sculptors.
Tạm dịch: Nhưng nghệ thuật điêu khắc cấp cao, thực hiện bởi các nghệ nhân có hiểu biết về cả lý thuyết kiến trúc Baroque-Rococo thời Phục Hưng và các kĩ năng chế tác như làm mẫu vật, đổ khuôn và khắc 3D, lại không được biết đến bởi người Mỹ những năm 1776. Thực tế, nhiều năm sau đó